Doudouling (version 2025)

An artificial language by Jian Huang

English introduction
Chinese introduction
Doudouling introduction (reflective introduction)

Introduction

Principles: convert Latin words into {Consonant-Soft-Vowel-Soft-Nasal} {C-S-V-S-N} structure

Step 1: simplify consonants and consonant clusters

Simplify consonants and consonant clusters to the consonants as below by the rules as below.

{b}	{p}	{m}	{f}	{v}
{d}	{t}	{n}	{s}	{j}	{ts}	{dz}
{g}	{k}	{h}	{w}	{l}

Rules:

{ph} => {f};
{w} => {v};
{th} => {t};
{c} ([ s ]), {ch} ([ ʃ ]/[ tʃ ]), {sh} ([ ʃ ]), {t} ([ ʃ ]/[ tʃ ]), {x} ([ s ]/[ ʃ ]) => {ts};
{j}, {z} => {dz};
{y} ([ j ]) => {j};
{c} ([ k ]), {ch} ([ k ]), {q} => {k};
{r} => {w};
{x} ([ ks ]) => {k} {s}

Step 2: convert vowels

Convert vowel {y} to {i}.

Step 3: Convert the consonants

Classify the syllable structure as below.

The vowel group is composed of first vowel (FV), middle vowel (MV), and last vowel (LV).
The first consonant before vowels is primary consonant (PC).
The first nasal after vowels is primary nasal (PN).
Other consonants are supporting consonants (SC), which includes before-vowel supporting consonants (BSC), and after-vowel supporting consonants (ASC).

PC BSC1 BSC2 FV MV LV ASC1 ASC2 ASC3 PN ASC4
SC = BSC1 BSC2 ASC1 ASC2 ASC3 ASC4

Organize using the rules. {#} means {number of}. {&} means {and}. {=>} means {if ... then ...}. {X() Y() Z()} are to follow the conversion table.

#PN = 1 & #SC = 0 => PC FV MV LV PN
#PN = 1 & #SC = 1 & #BSC = 1 => PC X(BSC1) FV MV LV PN
#PN = 1 & #SC = 1 & #ASC = 1 => PC FV MV LV Y(ASC1) PN
#PN = 1 & #SC >= 2 => PC X(SC1) FV MV LV Y(SC2) PN
#PN = 0 & #SC = 0 => PC FV MV LV
#PN = 0 & #SC = 1 & #BSC = 1 => PC X(BSC1) FV MV LV
#PN = 0 & #SC = 1 & #ASC = 1 => PC FV MV LV Y(ASC1)
#PN = 0 & #SC = 2 => PC X(SC1) FV MV LV Y(SC2)
#PN = 0 & #SC >= 3 => PC X(SC1) FV MV LV Y(SC2) Z(SC3)

The conversion table:

SC	X(SC)			Y(SC)			Z(SC)
	FV = a\|e\|o	FV = i	FV = u	LV = a\|e\|o	LV = i	LV = u
b p f v	uf	uf	iuf	fu	fu	fui	m
d t	ih	uih	ihu	hi	hiu	uhi	n
s ts dz	ij	uij	ij	ji	jiu	ji	-
g k	uh	uhi	iuh	hu	ihu	hui	n
w	uw	uw	iuw	wu	wu	wui	-
l	uv	uv	iuv	vu	vu	vui
m	uf	uf	iuf	-	-	-	-
n	ih	uih	ihu	-	-	-	-

      18*7*5*7*3=13,230
      SC       X                             Y                           Z
      .        FV= a|e|o FV=i FV=u           LV=a|e|o FV=i FV=u
      b p f v  uf        uf   iuf            fu       fu   fui           m
      d t      ih        uih  ihu            hi       hiu  uhi           n
      s ts dz  ij        uij  ij             ji       jiu  ji            -
      g k      uh        uhi  iuh            hu       ihu  hui           n
      w(r)     uw        uw   iuw            wu       wu   wui           -
      l        uv        uv   iuv            vu       vu   vui           -
      m        uf        uf   iuf            -        -    -             -
      n        ih        uih  ihu            -        -    -             -

Simplify triple vowel to double vowel: {iii} => {ii} ; {uuu} => {uu}

Examples

The first column is Latin word. The second column is the form before using the conversion table. Capital letters are Primary consonants. The third column is Doudouling word.

Latin	Before Table	Doudouling
state	Stat	sihahi
sper	Spew	sufewu
sport	Spowt	sufowun
science	Stsi-esn	suijiejin
photo	FoTo	foto
wagon	VaGon	vagon
cent	Tsetn	tsehin
center	TsenTew	tsentewu
aqu	ak	ahu
aquatic	aKuaTik	akuatiihu
question	KuesTSion	kuejitsion
tank	Takn	tahun
xerox	TseWkos	tsewuhoji
chocolate	TsoKoLat	tsokolahi
just	DZsut	dzijuuhi
adoption	aDopTSion	adofutsion
train	Train	tuwain
tract	Trakt	tuwahun
create	Kwe-at	kuweahi
class	Klass	kuvaji
cause	Kaus	kauji
daemon	Daemon	daemon
coffee	KofFee	kofufee
moustache	MousTats	moujitaji
phoenix	FoeNkis	foenuhiijiu
phoenician	FoeNiTSian	foenitsian
europe	euWop	euwofu
return	WeTurn	wetuwuin
depart	DePwat	depuwahi
alt	lat	uvahi
art	wat	uwahi
arts	wats	uwaji
culture	KulTuw	kuvuituwui
court	Kwout	kuwouji
cant	Katn	kahin
simple	SimPle	simpuve
hom	Hom	hom
autumn	auTunm	autum
environment	enViWonMetn	enviwonmehin
fact	Fkat	fuhahi
experiment	kesPeWiMetn	uhejipewimehin
expresss	kesPress	uhejipuweji
sign	Sign	siihun
sing	Sign	siihun
skin	Skin	suhiin
dogmatic	DogMaTik	dohumatiihu
construct	KonSturk	konsihuuhuin
verb	Vweb	vuwefu
partner	PwatNew	puwahinewu
investment	inVsetMetn	invijehimehin
continue	KonTiNu	kontinu
Doudouling	DouDouLign	doudouliihun
data	DaTa	data
exact	ekSkat	ehusijahi
slave	Slav	suvafu
salv	Slav	suvafu
next	Nkest	nuhejin
stunt	Stutn	sihuuhin
complex	KomPleks	kompuvehu
start	Start	sihawun
strate	Start	sihawun

Stress

The stress is at the last vowel.

Sample Passages

For each group, the first line is Doudouling; the second line is Latin roots; and the third line is English meaning.

      Tituve : Babevu Tuhejin, Genesijiu, Bibuve
      title  : babel  text   , genesis  , bible
      Title  : Babel  Text   , Genesis  , Bible

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:1

      Tohi la   muuhin eji de un  liihun   e   de un  pawovu.
      tot  illa mund   est de un  ling     et  de un  parol .
      The whole earth  was of one language and of one speech.

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:2

      Du  vojaji he  lu  a  la   owientavu, ohukuwui he  ivu ke   dijiukovewu ha  lu  un
      dur voyage hab lor ad illa oriental , occur    hab il  que  discover    hab lor un
      As  they journeyed east             , it happened,     that they have found     a

      puvan in la   tewu de la   Tsinawu; e   vifu  he  lu  ihiu .
      plan  in illa terr de illa Shinar ; et  viv   hab lor id   .
      plain in the  land of      Shinar ; and they lived    there.

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:3

      Diihu lu  un  a  un avutewu, "Ven , ni    luhaji a  fe   le  tivu  , e   li  kombijuuhi
      dikt  lor un  ad un alter  , "ven , nostr lax    ad fekt ill tile  , et  lor combust
      They said one to another   , "Come, let's        make        bricks, and burn them

      entiwemehin." Hafu lu  la   tivu  po  la   petewu, e   utilijiu lu  la   tawu po  la   mowutawu.
      entire     ." hab  lor illa tile  pro illa petr  , et  utiliz   lor illa tar  pro illa mortar  .
      thoroughly ." They had      brick for      stone , and they used    the  tar  for the  mortar  .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:4

      Diihu lu , "Ven , ni    luhaji konsihuuhuin po  ni    un iuwufui, e   un tuwuiwehi,
      dikt  lor, "ven , nostr lax    construct    pro nostr un urb    , et  un turret   ,
      They said, "Come, let's        build        us        a  city   , and a  tower    ,

      ken   kapihiu awuwifu a  la   tsevu, e   ni    luhaji a  fe   po  ni    un nom ;
      que   capit   arrive  ad illa cele , et  nostr lax    ad fekt pro nostr un nom ;
      whose top     reaches to the  sky  , and let's           make     us    a  name;

      uhejitsefu ke  divihiu ti  nu    a  uvuitweu su    la   suwuifaji de tohi la    muuhin."
      except     que divid   ten nostr ad ulter    super illa surface   de tot  illa  mund  ."
      lest           we be scattered   abroad      on    the  surface   of the  whole earth ."

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:5

      Dzehova dejitsehin a  miwu la   iuwufui e   la  tuwuiwehi, kem   le   infahin  de le  hom
      Jehowa  descend    ad mir  illa urb     et  la  turret   , que   illa infant   de ill hom
      Yahweh  came down  to see  the  city    and the tower    , which the  children of     men

      konsihuuhuin ha .
      construct    hab.
      had built       .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:6

      Dzehova diihu, "Ahitentsion, eji  lu  un  popuvui, e   hafu  lu  tohi un  liihun  ;
      Jehowa  dikt , "attention  , est  lor un  popul  , et  hab   lo  tot  un  ling    ;
      Yahweh  said , "Behold     , they are one people , and they have all  one language;

      e   eji  tsi kem  owidzinahi lu  a  fe  . Tsihefum nuvui  , kem   intehin lu
      et  est  hic que  originate  lor ad fekt. hic-temp nul    , que   intend  lor
      and this is  what they begin     to do  . Now      nothing, which they intend

      a  fe  , wesuijihiu ti  va   afu  li  .
      ad fekt, resist     ten vas  ab   lor .
      to do  , will be withheld    from them.

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:7

      Ven , ni    luhaji dejitsehin, e   ihiu  konfuji lo    liihun  ,
      Ven , nostr lax    descend   , et  id    confus  lor   ling    ,
      Come, let's        down      , and there confuse their language,

      ahi  ne  pohi lu  kompuwehehin la   pawovu de un avutweu."
      ad   neg pot  lor comprehend   illa parol  de un alter  ."
      that they may not understand   one another's speech     ."

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:8

      Ahi Dzehova li  divihiu    a  uvuitewu de   ihiu  a  la   suwuifaji de tohi la   muuhin.
      ad  Jehowa  lor divid      ad ulter    de   id    ad illa surface   de tot  illa mund  .
      So  Yahweh  scattered them abroad      from there on the  surface   of all  the  earth .

      Wijehi lu  a  konsihuuhuin la   iuwufui.
      Rest   lor ad construct    illa urb    .
      They stopped building      the  city   .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
      11:9

      Ahi       sa nom         afupevu ti  ko  Babevu, afu     Dzehova konfuji he  la
      ad        se nom         appel   ten com Babel , ab      Jehowa  confus  hab illa
      Therefore the name of it was called  as  Babel , because Yahweh  confused    the

      liihun   de tohi la   muuhin, ihiu . De   ihiu , Dzehova li  divihiu    a  uvuitewu
      ling     de tot  illa mund  , id   . De   id   , Jehowa  lor divida     ad ulter
      language of all  the  earth , there. From there, Yahweh  scattered them abroad

      su    la   suwuifaji de tohi la   muuhin.
      super illa surface   de tot  illa mund  .
      on    the  surface   of all  the  earth .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      Tituve : Na    Patewu
      title  : nostr pater
      Title  : Our   Father

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      Na    patewu i  la   tsevu ,
      nostr pater  in illa cel   ,
      Our   fater  in      heaven,

      sahun eji  ta   nom .
      sanc  est  tu   nom .
      saint is   your name.

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      Ven  ta   wedzim ,
      ven  tu   regime ,
      Come your kingdom,

      fe   ti  ta   voluuhin,
      fekt ten tu   volunt  ,
      done     your will    ,

      ko  i  la   tsevu  e   su  la   tewu.
      com in illa cel    et  sur illa terr .
      as  in      heaven and on       earch.

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      Na    pewi-dijiu pan   tu  don  tsuihijiu.
      nostr per-dies   pan   tu  don  hic-dies.
      Our   everyday   bread you give today   .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      Pawudon tu  na    le  debihiu,
      pardon  tu  nostr ill debit  ,
      Forgive you our       debts  ,

      ko  pawudon ha  nu    na    le  debitowu.
      com pardon  hab nostr nostr ill debitor .
      as  we have forgotten our       debtors .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      E   tu  ne  ni    duhui entewu le  tefumtatsion,
      et  tu  neg nostr duc   entr   ill temptation  ,
      and you not us    lead  into       temptation  ,

      ofu ni    libewahi tu uhejitweu de le  maliihun.
      ob  nostr liberat  tu exter     de ill malign  .
      but you us liberate   out       of     malign  .

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

      Amen.
      amen.
      Amen.

      --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------

Schema

Alphabet

B P M F V
D T N S J TS DZ
G K H W L
A E I O U

Phonetics

B b [b] b : book	P p [p] p : pen	M m [m] m : map	F f [f] f : far	V v [v] v : vow
D d [d] d : dog	T t [t] t : take	N n [n] n : name	S s [s] s : say	J j [j] y : yes (!)	TS ts [ts] ts : gets (!)	DZ dz [dz] ds : words (!)
G g [g] g : go	K k [k] k : kilo	H h [h] h : how	W w [w] w : wall	L l [l] l : low
A a [ɑ] a : yacht	E e [ɛ] e : set	I i [i] i : machine	O o [ɔ] o : bought	U u [u] u : flute

! Note: pronunciations need attention.

Stress

The stress is at the last vowel.

Change Log

2004 Created

2014 Language changes

Move {eu} to {u} with compenstating {-i} from {a} with compenstating {-i}
Use modal verb suffixes, and make it optional to use natural ending-vowel
Change the score of {g} to 3 from 2
Add some better choices to main words

2014 Document changes

Font and color
Section names
Punctuations: use curved braces to replace quotation mark
Upper case and lower case
Add more examples
Use Unicode to show the phonetic symbols; Use UTF-8 encoding in Chinese version
Fix some wrong examples
Remove subjective sentences
Correct the phonetic annotation [a]=>[ɑ] [e]=>[ɛ] [o]=>[ɔ]
Add the translation of Doudouling
Add some discussion

2014 Language changes

Change {i-} to {g-}
Change {ch} [z] to {ch] [j]

2017 Language changes

IPA alignment: {h} [ŋ] > {h} [h]; {r} [h] > {w} [w]; {ph} [w] > {ts} [ts]; {z} [ts] > {j} [j]; {ch} [j] > {dz} [dz]
Merge {th} and {ch} into {dz} [dz]
Redesign of the ending and the stress
Long form and short form
Use short form when a single-syllable word is the center of phrase
Make all key words in {C-V} format

2018 Language changes

Use weak syllables to compensate, merge long form and short form

2019 Language changes

Insert compensating letter combinations before the last vowel
Stress at last vowel

2022 Language changes

Use double vowels to indicate the compensating sound
Keep all compensating sound near original location
Nasal marker

2025 Language changes

Use single vowel, or {iu}, or {iu} to indicate the compensating sound
Use {ii} or {uu} indicate the non-compensating vowels
Organize, truncate, and soften the compensating sound to form the Consonant-Soft-Vowel-Soft-Nasal structure
Remove nasal marker